Benzene | 71-43-2/174973-66-1/54682-86-9
ʻIkepili kino huahana:
| Inoa Huahana | Benzene |
| Waiwai | ʻO ka wai ʻālohilohi kala ʻole me kahi ʻala ʻala ikaika |
| Lae hehee(°C) | 5.5 |
| Lae paila(°C) | 80.1 |
| Māmā pili (Wai=1) | 0.88 |
| ʻAno mahu (ea=1) | 2.77 |
| Pumi mahu (kPa) | 9.95 |
| Ka wela o ka puhi ʻana (kJ/mol) | -3264.4 |
| Mahana koʻikoʻi (°C) | 289.5 |
| Pumi koʻikoʻi (MPa) | 4.92 |
| ʻO Octanol/Wai hoʻokaʻawale coefficient | 2.15 |
| Kekahi uila (°C) | -11 |
| Ka wela wela (°C) | 560 |
| palena pahū luna (%) | 8.0 |
| palena pahū haʻahaʻa (%) | 1.2 |
| Ka hoʻoheheʻe | ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka ethanol, ether, acetone, etc. |
Nā waiwai huahana:
1. ʻO Benzene kekahi o nā mea waiwai kumu waiwai nui a he ʻelele o nā hydrocarbons aromatic. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻano apo apo paʻa ʻeono.
2. ʻO nā hopena kemika nui he hoʻohui, hoʻololi a me ke kani-wehe ʻana. Ma lalo o ka hana o ka sulfuric acid concentrated a me ka waikawa nitric, maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i ka nitrobenzene ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana. E hana me ka ʻakika sulfuric concentrated a i ʻole ka ʻakika sulfuric fuming e hana i ka ʻakika benzenesulfonic. Me nā halides metala e like me ka ferric chloride ma ke ʻano he catalyst, hiki mai ka hopena halogenation ma ka wela haʻahaʻa e hana ai i ka benzene halogenated. Me ka alumini trichloride e like me ka catalyst, ka hopena alkylation me nā olefins a me nā hydrocarbons halogenated e hana i ka alkylbenzene; ka hopena acylation me ka acid anhydride a me ka acyl chloride e hana ai i ka acylbenzene. Ma ke alo o ka vanadium oxide catalyst, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka benzene e ka oxygen a i ʻole ea e hana i ka maleic anhydride. Benzene wela a 700 ° C māhā, hana carbon, hydrogen a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka methane a me ka ethylene a pela aku. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka platinum a me ka nickel ma ke ʻano he catalysts, lawe ʻia ka hopena hydrogenation e hana i ka cyclohexane. Me ka zinc chloride e like me ka catalyst, chloromethylation reaction me formaldehyde a me ka hydrogen chloride e hana i ka benzyl chloride. Akā ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke apo benzene, no ka laʻana, me ka nitric acid, potassium permanganate, dichromate a me nā mea ʻona ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole e pane.
3. He waiwai refractive kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻono ʻono ikaika, hiki ke ahi a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa. Hiki ke hui me ka ethanol, etera, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide a me acetic acid, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe iki i ka wai. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻino i nā metala, akā ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o benzene i loaʻa nā sulfur haumia ma ke keleawe a me kekahi mau metala he hopena ʻino. ʻO ka benzene wai ka hopena degreasing, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e ka ʻili a me ka lāʻau make, no laila e pale i ka pili ʻana me ka ʻili.
4.Vapour a me ka ea e hana i nā huila pahū, ka palena pahū o 1.5% -8.0% (volume).
5.Stability: Paʻa
6. Nā mea i pāpā ʻia:Snā oxidants, nā waikawa, nā halogens
7.Polymerization pilikia:ʻAʻole-polymerization
Hoʻohana huahana:
ʻO nā mea waiwai kumu, hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā derivatives benzene synthetic, nā mea ʻala, nā dyes, plastics, pharmaceuticals, explosives, rubber, etc.
Nā memo mālama huahana:
1. E kūʻai i loko o kahi hale kūʻai ʻoluʻolu.
2. E mālama i ke ahi a me ke kumu wela.
3. ʻAʻole pono ka mahana mālama ma mua o 37 ° C.
4. E hoʻopaʻa i ka pahu.
5. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā mea oxidizing, a ʻaʻole pono e hui pū ʻia.
6.E hoʻohana i nā kukui pahū-hōʻoia a me nā pono ea.
7. Hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana mīkini a me nā mea hana maʻalahi e hoʻohua i nā huna huna.
8. Pono e hoʻolako ʻia ka wahi e mālama ai me nā lako lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia a me nā mea hoʻomaha kūpono.
