Silicon Dioxide | 7631-86-9

ʻO ka hui kemika Silicon Dioxide, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he silica (mai ka Latin silex), he oxide o ke silika me ke ʻano kemika SiO2. Ua ʻike ʻia no kona paʻakikī mai ka wā kahiko. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka silica ma ke ʻano e like me ke one a i ʻole quartz, a me nā paia cell o diatoms.
Hana ʻia ʻo Silica ma nā ʻano like ʻole me ka quartz fused, crystal, fumed silica (a pyrogenic silica), colloidal silica, silica gel, a me aerogel.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Silica i ka hana ʻana i ke aniani no nā puka makani, nā aniani inu, nā ʻōmole inu, a me nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā fiber optical no ke kelepona i hana ʻia mai ka silica. ʻO ia ka mea kumu mua no ka nui o nā seramika keʻokeʻo e like me ka lepo, ka pōhaku, ka porcelain, a me ka ʻenehana Portland cement.
ʻO ka silica kahi mea hoʻohui maʻamau i ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai, kahi e hoʻohana mua ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he kahe kahe i nā meaʻai pauka, a i ʻole e komo i ka wai i nā noi hygroscopic. ʻO ia ka mea nui o ka honua diatomaceous i hoʻohana nui ʻia mai ka kānana a hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā pepeke. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mea nui o ka lehu laiki i hoʻohana ʻia, no ka laʻana, i ka kānana a me ka hana sima.
ʻO nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi o ka silica i ulu ʻia ma nā wafers silika ma o nā ʻano hoʻoheheʻe wela e hiki ke pōmaikaʻi i ka microelectronics, kahi e hana ai lākou ma ke ʻano he insulators uila me ke kūpaʻa kemika kiʻekiʻe. Ma nā noi uila, hiki iā ia ke pale i ke silikoni, mālama i ka uku, hoʻopaʻa i kēia manawa, a hiki ke hana ma ke ʻano he ala hoʻomalu e kaupalena ʻia ke kahe o kēia manawa.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi airgel e pili ana i ka silica ma ka mokulele Stardust e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻāpana extraterrestrial. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo Silica i ka unuhi ʻana o DNA a me RNA ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā waikawa nucleic ma lalo o ke alo o nā chaotropes. E like me ka hydrophobic silica ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea defoamer. Ma ka hydrated form, hoʻohana ʻia i ka toothpaste ma ke ʻano he abrasive paʻakikī e wehe i ka plaque niho.
I kona mana e like me ka refractory, he mea pono ia ma ke ʻano fiber e like me ka lole pale wela wela kiʻekiʻe. I loko o nā mea hoʻonaninani, pono ia no kāna mau mea hoʻoheheʻe māmā a me ka absorbency kūlohelohe. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Colloidal silica ma ke ʻano he mea inu waina a me ka wai. I nā huahana lāʻau lapaʻau, kōkua ka silica i ka pauka i ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā papa. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui hoʻonui wela i ka ʻoihana puna wela kumu honua.