ʻAka Succinic |110-15-6

ʻO ka ʻakika Succinic (/səkˈsɪnɨk/; inoa ʻōnaehana IUPAC: ʻakika butanedioic; ʻike mua ʻia ʻo ka ʻuhane o ka amber) he diprotic, dicarboxylic acid me ke kinikini C4H6O4 a me ke kumu hoʻohālike HOOC-(CH2)2-COOH.He paʻa keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻala.He kuleana ko Succinate i ke kaʻina o ka waikawa citric, ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoulu ai i ka anenergy.Loaʻa ka inoa mai ka Latin succinum, ʻo ia hoʻi ka amber, kahi e loaʻa ai ka waika.He mea ia o kekahi mau alkyd resins.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa Succinic i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka mea inu, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono acidity.Kuhi ʻia ka hana honua ma 16,000 a 30,000 tonnes i ka makahiki, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ulu makahiki o 10%.Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ulu ʻana i ka holomua o ka biotechnology ʻenehana e ʻimi nei e hoʻoneʻe i nā kemika i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka petroleum i nā noi ʻoihana.Ke holomua nei nā ʻoihana e like me BioAmber, Reverdia, Myriant, BASF a me Purac mai ka hana ʻana i ka nui o ka bio-based succinic acid a hiki i ke kūʻai aku ʻana.

Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui meaʻai a me ka meaʻai meaʻai, a ʻike ʻia he palekana no kēlā mau hoʻohana e ka US Food and Drug Administration.Ma ke ʻano he huahana inpharmaceutical excipient, hoʻohana ʻia ia e kāohi i ka acidity a, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, nā papa ineffervescent.